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- POV-Ray Tutorial
Geometric Shapes
Overview
Basic Shapes
Shapes by macro + CSG
Shapes in "shapes3.inc"
Other Shapes by macros
3D text shapes
Other Shapes
Non CSG Shapes
height_field + HF macros
Isosurfaces
->with Basic Surfaces
- with Sine Functions
- by Built-in Functions
- by Helix Functions
- by Pattern Functions
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isosurface{ ... } - by basic functions. Examples:
Built-in shape
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { y }
threshold 0
contained_by{box{<-1,-1,-1>,<1,1,1>}}
// max_gradient 3
// accuracy 0.0001
// open
texture{
pigment{ color rgb<1,1,1>}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1.0
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { x }
threshold 0
contained_by{box{<-1,-1,-1>,<1,1,1>}}
texture{
pigment{ color rgb<0.65,1,0>}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1.0
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function{ abs(x) - 2 + y }
contained_by { box { -2, 2 } }
accuracy 0.003
max_gradient 5
texture{
pigment{ rgbt<1,0.9,0.2, 0.3>*1.2}
finish { phong 0.1}
} // end of texture
scale <1, 1, 1>*1.0
rotate <0, 0, 0>
translate <0, 0, 0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function{ abs(x)+abs(y)+abs(z)-2 }
contained_by { box { -2, 2 } }
accuracy 0.003
max_gradient 5
texture{
pigment{ color rgb<1,0.75,0.45>*1.2}
normal { bumps 0.75 scale 0.05}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1, 1, 1>*0.5
rotate <0, 0, 0>
translate <0, 0, 0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function{ abs(x)+abs(y)+abs(z)-2.9 }
contained_by { box { -2, 2 } }
accuracy 0.003
max_gradient 5
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<1,0.15,0.05>}
normal { bumps 0.5 scale 0.035}
finish { specular 0.2
phong 1 reflection 0.15}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*0.5
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function{ sqrt(x*x + y*y + z*z) - 1 }
threshold 0
contained_by{box{<-1,-1,-1>,<1,1,1>}}
texture { pigment{ color rgb<1,0.1,0.2>}
normal { bumps 1.5 scale 0.0135}
finish { specular 0.3 phong 0.3}
} // end of texture
scale 1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function{ sqrt(x*x + z*z) - abs(y)}
threshold 0
accuracy 0.0001
max_gradient 5
contained_by{ box{ -1, 1 } }
texture { pigment{ color rgb<0.5,0.3,0.8>}
normal { bumps 0.25 scale 0.0135}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { x*x + z*z - y*y - 0.25 }
threshold 0
accuracy 0.0001
max_gradient 5
contained_by{box{<-2,-1,-2>,<2,1,2>}}
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<1.0,0.3,0.5>}
finish { phong 1 }
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { sqrt(x*x + z*z) - 1 }
threshold 0
accuracy 0.0001
max_gradient 5
contained_by{box{ -1 , 1 }}
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<0.3,0.7,0.9>}
normal { bumps 0.5 scale 0.0135}
finish { specular 0.3 phong 1 }
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { y - (x*x*10 + z*z)*0.1 }
threshold 0
accuracy 0.0001
max_gradient 5
contained_by{box{ -1 , 1 }}
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<0.5,1,1>}
normal { bumps 0.5 scale 0.0125}
finish { phong 1 }
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { y - x*x + z*z }
threshold 0
accuracy 0.0001
max_gradient 5
contained_by{box{<-1,-1,-1.5>,<1,1,1.5>}}
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<0.5,1,0.7>}
normal { bumps 0.5 scale 0.0125}
finish { phong 0.3}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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#declare fn_A = function { sqrt(y*y + z*z)- 0.8}
#declare fn_B = function { abs(x)+abs(y)-1}
isosurface{ //-------------------------
function { min(fn_A(x,y,z), fn_B(x,y,z))}
contained_by{ box{ -3.5, 3.5 }}
accuracy 0.003
max_gradient 5
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<1,0.7,0.5>*0.45}
normal { bumps 0.5 scale 0.0125}
finish { phong 0.1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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#declare fn_A = function { sqrt(y*y + z*z)- 0.8}
#declare fn_B = function { abs(x)+abs(y)-1}
#declare Blob_Threshold=0.125;
isosurface{ //-------------------------
function {
(1+Blob_Threshold)
-pow(Blob_Threshold,fn_A(x,y,z))
-pow(Blob_Threshold,fn_B(x,y,z))
}
max_gradient 4
contained_by{ box{<-4,-2,-3>,<4,2,3>}}
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<1,0.3,0.5>}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*0.5
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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isosurface{ //-------------------------
function {
(1+0.002)
- pow( 0.002, ( sqrt(x*x+y*y)-0.5))
- pow( 0.008, ( abs(x*0.7)+abs(z*0.7)-0.5))
- pow( 0.002,( sqrt( y*y+z*z )-0.5))
// - f_noise3d( x*3, y*3, z*3 )
}
contained_by{ box{<-2,-1.5,-1.5>,<2,1.5,1.5>}}
accuracy 0.003
max_gradient 5
texture{ pigment{ color rgb<1,0.7,0.1>}
finish { phong 1}
} // end of texture
scale <1,1,1>*1
rotate <0,0,0>
translate <0,0,0>
} // end of isosurface ---------------- |
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