Round_Tube_Ring_N

Round_Tube_Ring_N

general syntax:

object{ Round_Tube_Ring_N (N, Tube_R, Base_Width, Edge_R)
        texture{ ... ... }
      } // end of object ------------------------

With N = number of tube segments,
Tube_R = radius of the tube,
Base_Width = distance of linear tube sections from center,
Edge_R = the major radius of the torus segments in the edges.

Sample:

#include "shapes_lo.inc"
//#macro Round_Tube_Ring_N (N, Tube_R, Base_Width, Edge_R)
object{ Round_Tube_Ring_N (3, 0.05, 0.40, 0.25)
        texture { pigment{ color rgb<1,0.7,0.2>}
                  finish { ambient 0.15 diffuse 0.85
                           phong 1 reflection 0.4}
                } // end of texture
        scale <1,1,1>
        rotate <0,0,0>
        translate<0.4,1.5,0>
      } // end of object ----------------------------------

Macro in detail

This macro uses the macro "Torus_Segment":

//--------------------------------- Round_Tube_Ring_N (...) macro #macro Round_Tube_Ring_N (N, Tube_R, Base_Width, Edge_R) #if (Edge_R > Base_Width) #declare Edge_R=Base_Width; #end #if (N < 3 ) #declare N = 3; #end #declare Edge_Angle = 360/N ; #declare Linear_Half_Len = (Base_Width-Edge_R)*tan(radians(Edge_Angle/2)); #declare Edge_Part = object{ Torus_Segment( Edge_R, Tube_R, Edge_Angle) rotate <-90,0,0> translate <Base_Width-Edge_R,Linear_Half_Len,0> } // end of Torus_Segment(...) ---------------------------- #if (Edge_R != Base_Width) #declare Linear_Part = cylinder { <0,-Linear_Half_Len,0>, <0,Linear_Half_Len,0>, Tube_R translate <Base_Width,0,0> } // end of cylinder ----------------------------------- #end #if (Edge_R != Base_Width) #declare One_Segment = union{ object {Linear_Part} object {Edge_Part} } #else #declare One_Segment = object {Edge_Part} #end union{ #local Nr = 0; // start #local EndNr = N; // end #while (Nr < EndNr) object{One_Segment rotate <0,0,Nr * 360/EndNr>} #local Nr = Nr + 1; // next Nr #end // --------------- end of loop } #end // --------------------- end of macro Round_Tube_Ring_N (...)

Here some variations of that macro:

Facetted_Spheres

Variations on "Round_Tube_Ring_N(...)"

POV-Ray Raytracer Descriptions and Examples by Friedrich A. Lohmüller

This shape is definded as "macro" in my include file "shapes_lo.inc":

Round_Tube_Ring_N