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Index of Content
- Geometry
- Architecture
- Engineering
- Ladder
- Pylons
- Railing
- Bridge
- Tubes
- Tube Fork
- Tube Stopcock
- Chain
- Coil of Wire
- Torpedo
- Cruise Missile
- Rocket
- Wheel
- Truck
- Propeller
- Airplanes
- Canoe
- Guitar Body
- 7-Segment Display
- Ribbon Cable
- Cable Harness
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Pipeline Tubes
Objects: cylinder, Hexagon.
Methods: #declare, #local, union, #macro, #while.
uses: #include "shapes.inc"
#include "shapes_lo.inc"
A tube for pipelines with flanges.
Linear and bow versions.
All flanges also with nuts .
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First we need some nuts:
#declare Nut_Scale = 0.055; // scale of the nuts
//--------------------- Nut
#local Nut_Scale = 0.035;
#local Nut =
union{
object{ Hexagon // from "shapes.inc"!
scale <0.5,1,1>*Nut_Scale/2
translate<Nut_Scale/4,0,0>
texture { Nut_Texture_2 }}
cylinder{ <0,0,0>,
<Nut_Scale*1.1/2,0,0>,
Nut_Scale/2*0.6
texture { Nut_Texture_1 }}
}// end of union |
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Then we make a flange.
Here we need to declare some dimensions:
#declare T_R = 0.30; // tube radius
#declare F_R = 0.45; // flange radius
#declare F_D = 0.05; // flange thickness
#declare Nut_Scale = 0.055; // scale of the nuts
#declare Number_of_Nuts = 16; // ....
//--------------------- Flange_Base
#local Flange_Base =
union{
difference{
union{
cylinder{ <0,0,0>,<F_D ,0,0>,F_R-D
texture{Flanch_Texture_1} }
cylinder{ <D,0,0>,<F_D-D,0,0>,F_R
texture{Flange_Texture_2} }
} // uni
cylinder{ <-D,0,0>,<F_D+D,0,0>,T_R
texture{Tube_Inside_Texture} }
} // end of diff
}// end uni
//------------------Flange_with_Nuts
#local Flange_with_Nuts =
union{
object{ Flange_Base }
union{
#local Nr = 0; // start
#local EndNr = Number_of_Nuts; // end
#while (Nr < EndNr)
object{ Nut
translate<F_D,0,-T_R-(F_R-T_R)/2>
rotate<Nr * 360/EndNr,0,0>}
#local Nr = Nr + 1; // next Nr
#end // --------------- end of loop
} // end of union
}// end uni ------------------------------ |
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A linear pipeline tube with flanges:
#declare T_L = 1.00 // tube lenght
#declare T_D = 0.01 // tube material thickness
//---------------------
union{
// flanch at start
object{ Flange_with_Nuts }
// the tube
difference{
cylinder{< 0,0,0>,<T_L ,0,0>,T_R
texture{Tube_Texture} }
cylinder{<-D,0,0>,<T_L+D,0,0>,T_R-T_D
texture{Tube_Inside_Texture} }
} // end of difference
// flanch at end
object{ Flange_with_Nuts
scale <-1,1,1>
translate<T_L,0,0>
} //
} // end of union |
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A pipeline tube bow with flanges:
(Here we use my #include "shapes_lo.inc"!)
#declare Tube_Angle = 60; // bow angle
#declare T_Rmaj = 1.00; // tube major radius
// around z (lefthanded!)
#declare T_D = 0.01 // tube material thickness
//--------------------- tube bow
union{
// flange at start
object{ Flange_with_Nuts
translate<0,-T_Rmaj,0> }
// the tube
difference{
object{ // (Rmaj, Rmin, Angle)
Segment_of_Torus(T_Rmaj, T_R,-Tube_Angle)
rotate<-90,0,-90>
texture{ Tube_Texture }
} // end of Torus_Segment(...) ------
object{
Segment_of_Torus(T_Rmaj,T_R-T_D,-Tube_Angle-2)
rotate<0,1,0>
rotate<-90,0,-90>
texture{ Tube_Inside_Texture }
} // end of Torus_Segment(...) ------
} // end of difference
// flange at end
object{ Flange_with_Nuts
scale <-1,1,1>
translate<0,-T_Rmaj,0>
rotate<0,0, Tube_Angle>
} //
} // end of union |
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Ready-made POV-Ray objects as
include files and example files you'll find
at the POV-Ray Objects Page
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